Cannabis: Structural Overview
Cannabinoids, trichomes, terpenes, and flavonoids are all important components of cannabis, each contributing to its effects, flavors, and characteristics. Here’s how they differ:
Cannabinoids:
Definition: Cannabinoids are chemical compounds found in cannabis that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system.
Examples: The most well-known cannabinoids are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), which produces the psychoactive “high,” and CBD (cannabidiol), known for its potential therapeutic effects without intoxication.
Function: Cannabinoids affect mood, pain, inflammation, and other bodily functions by binding to cannabinoid receptors in the brain and body.
Trichomes:
Definition: Trichomes are the tiny, hair-like structures on the surface of cannabis flowers and leaves.
Function: These glands produce and store cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Trichomes are where the majority of the plant’s resin is found, making them crucial to the potency and aroma of the plant.
Appearance: They often appear as a frosty coating on the buds.
Terpenes:
Definition: Terpenes are aromatic compounds responsible for the scent and flavor of cannabis.
Examples: Common terpenes in cannabis include myrcene (earthy, musky), limonene (citrus), and pinene (pine).
Function: Terpenes not only contribute to the sensory experience but also interact with cannabinoids to influence the overall effects of the plant, a phenomenon known as the “entourage effect.”
Flavonoids:
Definition: Flavonoids are a group of plant compounds found in cannabis and many other plants.
Function: They contribute to the plant’s pigmentation (color) and also provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. In cannabis, flavonoids also affect flavor and aroma.
Examples: Cannaflavins are flavonoids unique to cannabis and may have anti-inflammatory properties.
Summary:
Cannabinoids are the compounds that interact with your body (like THC and CBD).
Trichomes are the resin glands where cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids are produced.
Terpenes give cannabis its distinct smell and flavor, and may affect the plant’s effects.
Flavonoids contribute to color, flavor, and provide additional health benefits.
Each of these elements plays a role in the overall experience and effect of the cannabis plant.
